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MongoDB Setup & Overview

By Anonymous


“ MongoDB is an open source, document oriented NoSQL database where data is represented & stored in the form of BSON(binary JSON) ” 

Following is a key value representation of data in JSON format and its corresponding BSON.It adds some "extra" information to documents, like length of string and sub-objects. This makes traversal faster.

// JSON file
   { "hello" : "world" }

// BSON file
"\x16\x00\x00\x00\x02hello\x00
\x06\x00\x00\x00world\x00\x00"

  
  \x16\x00\x00\x00                   // total document size
  \x02                               // 0x02 = type String
  hello\x00                          // field name
  \x06\x00\x00\x00world\x00          // field value
  \x00                               // 0x00 = type end of object
 
With the growing use of Social Media platforms, large chunks of unstructured data was created .Thus, a need to to persist this unstructured data in the most efficient way possible hence NoSQL databases came into existence.
Following is a brief comparison between them,


SQL
No-SQL
  • Relational
  • Table
  • Predefined Schema
  • Vertically scalable
  • Better for transactions
  • Hierarchical
  • Document
  • Dynamic or No Schema
  • Horizontally scalable
  • Faster I/O

When between faster I/O and disk-space the choice is faster computation time, irrespective of the fact that we are duplicating the data then we must go for MongoDB


RDBMS
Mongo
  • Table,View
  • Row
  • Index
  • Join
  • Foreign Key
  • Partition
  • Collection
  • Document
  • Index
  • Embedded
  • Reference
  • Shard

Installation on Ubuntu

Inorder to install mongoDB on ubuntu, make sure you have a stable version(here 16.4) of Ubuntu & root privileges to the current ubuntu user & Follow the steps
  1. On the terminal screen, run following command to import MongoDB keys to your server.
    mCreate a MongoDB list file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ with this command,
  2. echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu "$(lsb_release -sc)"/mongodb-o
    rg/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list
  1. Update the repository with apt command
    sudo apt-get update
  2. Install MongoDB
    sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org
  1. Create file ‘mongodb.service’
    sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/mongodb.service
and copy the file contents as follows
[Unit]
Description=MongoDB Database Service
Wants=network.target
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
Restart=always
User=mongodb
Group=mongodb
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Save the file and exit.

  1. Now update the systemd service with command below,
    systemctl daemon-reload
       create db folder at /data
cd /
sudo mkdir data
cd /data
sudo mkdir db

To start mongoDB service
sudo service mongod start
 
      Start service at boot time
      systemctl start mongod
      systemctl enable mongod

  1. Start MongoDB without access control. 
    mongod --port 27017 --dbpath /data/db
        on another terminal, Connect to the instance.
        mongo --port 27017

Basic Operations
  • To create database
> use testdb
switched to db testdb

  • To list all databases
> show dbs
testdb 0.000GB

  • To create a collection
> db.createCollection(“company”)
{ "ok" : 1 }

  • To list all collections
> show collections
company
  • To insert a document
> db.company.insert({empName:'aaa',empNo:101})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

  • To display the document
> db.company.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5923e409848dfe0c013c5977"), "empName" : "aaa", "empNo" : 101 }
> db.company.find().pretty();
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5923e409848dfe0c013c5977"),
"empName" : "aaa",
"empNo" : 101
}
>


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